Astrophysicists rely on a plethora of tools and technologies to conduct their research. Ground-based observatories like the Keck Observatory and space-based telescopes like the Hubble Space Telescope are crucial for capturing detailed images and spectra of celestial objects. Instruments such as spectrometers, photometers, and interferometers allow scientists to analyze the light from stars and galaxies to determine their composition, temperature, and motion.