While immensely useful, the H-R diagram has its limitations:
- Binary Stars: Many stars exist in binary systems, which can complicate the interpretation of their luminosity and temperature.
- Extinction: Interstellar dust can dim and redden starlight, affecting the accuracy of measured properties.
- Sampling Bias: The diagram is often constructed from stars in our local neighborhood, which may not be representative of the broader stellar population in the galaxy.
