Are there any Limitations to the Inverse Square Law?

While the inverse square law is remarkably accurate in many scenarios, it has limitations. It assumes a point source and a vacuum, which is not always the case in astrophysical environments. Factors like interstellar dust, gravitational lensing, and the extended nature of real celestial objects can cause deviations. Moreover, at extremely large distances, the expanding universe's effects can alter the expected inverse square relationship, necessitating more complex models.